IBD is an inflammatory disorder in digestive tract. Two main and common types of disease are Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. In UC, long inflammation causes sores or ulcers in the large intestine, colon and rectum. CD is identified by inflammation in digestive tract which sometimes develops deep into intestinal tissues. Patients affected by these diseases experience abdominal symptoms, including diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloody stools, fatigue, weight loss and vomiting.
Panel tests:
● Autoantibodies:
o ANCA test: Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) is classified according to two staining patterns:
o cytoplasmic ANCA (cANCA): in which the entire cytoplasm is stained
o perinuclear ANCA (pANCA): in which the area around the nucleus is stained.
pANCA (Perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody). More common with UC, it is found in about 60% to 80% of people with UC but only about 5% to 15% of people with CD.
● Antimicrobial antibodies:
o Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (ASCA),
✔ Anti-CBir1 (Clostridium species antibodies).
✔ Anti-Omp C (Escherichia coli antibodies).
✔ Anti-I-2 (Pseudomonas fluorescens antibodies)
● Calprotectin
● Stool exam and stool culture
● Lactoferrin
● CBC with automated differential
● CRP and ESR
● Albumin
● ALT and AST
References
1. Lamb CA, Kennedy NA, Raine T, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology consensus guidelines on the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults. Gut 2019;68:s1-s106.
