§ Anemia secondary to chronic disease and systemic disorders
The anemia of chronic disease (ACD, also called the anemia of inflammation, anemia of chronic inflammation, or hypoferremia of inflammation) was initially thought to be associated primarily with infectious, inflammatory, or neoplastic disease. However, other observations have shown that ACD can be seen in a variety of conditions, including chronic kidney disease, severe trauma, diabetes mellitus, anemia of older adults, and in those with acute or chronic immune activation. The anemia is typically normochromic, normocytic, hypoproliferative, and mild in degree.
Lab tests:
CBC and Automated Differential
Blood Smear with Interpretation
Reticulocyte count
Iron and TIBC
Bone marrow studies
CRP and ESR
Fibrinogen
Haptoglobin
Soluble transferrin receptor
sTfR – ferritin index
